ABSTRACT
Objective: This study was aimed at clarifying the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and the treatment strategies for COVID-19 in each surge of the COVID-19 pandemic. Subjects and methods: We retrospectively examined the data of 358 patients with confirmed COVID-19 (116 in surge 3, 137 in surge 4, and 105 in surge 5) who were admitted to the Yoshijima Hospital.
ABSTRACT
Background & Aims: Favipiravir is an antiviral drug that is widely used in patients with Covid-19. The aim of this study was to review the systematic review and meta-analysis studies of Favipiravir in patients with Covid-19. Materials & Methods: An electronic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases until December 2021. In addition, other databases were searched. A manual search of studies and other sources was also conducted to find evidence. The Overview Quality Assessment Questionnaire tool was used to evaluate the quality of articles.
ABSTRACT
Background: Adverse event studies of favipiravir used to treat COVID-19 have been ongoing since it was established as a treatment option. A better understanding of the side effects of favipiravir from recent studies is important for developing and assessing the introduction of effective treatments for COVID-19. Method: The author conducted a systematic review based on research studies and case reports on favipiravir monotherapy in COVID-19. Access to the included studies is via PubMed, SCOPUS, Science Direct, SpringerLink, and MedRxiv.
ABSTRACT
Background: Delirium is a common condition in geriatric patients. One of the trigger factors for this condition is an infection, such as COVID-19 infection. Elderly with COVID-19 show atypical symptoms such as delirium. Elderly patients with COVID-19 who present with delirium, either as a primary symptom or showing symptoms or signs, have a poor prognosis. This study were aimed to presents covid-19 elderly patient with comorbid delirium. Case presentation: A 77-year-old woman with disorientation for one day came to Emergency Department with her family. She had no history of headaches, blurred vision, or seizures. However, she had a fever, did not want to eat for three days, and had a purulent decubitus ulcer. The patient was diagnosed with acute delirium syndrome, confirmed COVID-19 with sepsis, malnutrition, hypercoagulation, grade III decubitus ulcer, suspected dementia, immobilization, total dependence. The patient admitted to the isolation ward. The patient had meropenem 500 mg every 12 hours, anticoagulants and favipiravir according to the dose and parenteral nutrition.
ABSTRACT
At the end of 2019 in December, a bunch of deadly pneumonia cases were found in Huanan sea food market in city of Wuhan in Hubei province, china. They were caused by a previously unknown corona virus. All patients had been associated with the Wuhan Whole food market, where seafood and live animals are sold. The virus spread at an alarming speed and lead authorities in China to initiate effort and investigation. However, by that time, the great row of travelers had carried the virus to many countries, sparking memories of the previous corona virus epidemics, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and causing widespread media attention and panic. Based on clinical criteria and available serological and molecular information, the new disease was called corona virus disease of 2019 (COVID-19), and the novel corona virus was called SARS Corona virus -2 (SARS-CoV-2), emphasizing its close relationship to the 2002 SARS virus (SARS-CoV). The scientific community raced to uncover the origin of the virus, understand the pathogenesis of the disease, develop treatment options, define the risk factors, and work on vaccine development. In this manuscript we portray the causes, mechanisms and possible treatments for corona virus.
ABSTRACT
This paper reports two cases of AKI with favipiravir induced nephrotoxicity. Patient 1: 38-year male, confirmed reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction positive (RT-PCR) positive for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2) and moderate pneumonia was given hydroxy-chloroquinine (HCQ) 400 mg BID followed by 200 mg BID for 10 days and favipiravir at 1600 mg BID followed by 600 mg BID for 5 days. Patient 2: 51-year male RT-PCR positive, severe COVID-19 was started on HCQ and favipiravir at same dose as in patient one along with methylprednisolone 40 mg BID for days and enoxaparin 40 mg subcutaneous once daily. In conclusion, the authors believe as many repurposed drugs are being used for COVID-19 on experimental and compassionate basis without well conducted research, the clinicians need to be very careful of any new adverse event. The AKI like in any other patient needs comprehensive review for all possible etiology before linking it to COVID-19.
ABSTRACT
Introduction. It is known that most patients with COVID-19 have a disease of mild to moderate severity and can be treated at home. A potential etiotropic drug in the treatment of such patients is favipiravir. To finally decide on the inclusion of this drug in the international recommendations for the treatment of COVID-19, further studies are needed to assess its effectiveness and safety in patients with COVID-19. The aim of the study was to study the clinical efficacy of favipiravir in the complex therapy of patients with moderate-severity COVID-19 coronavirus infection. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 468 medical records of an inpatient patient with a moderate form of coronavirus infection COVID-19, who were treated at the State Clinical Hospital at the Multi-Specialty Medical Center of the Akimat of Nur-Sultan, the Semey Infectious Diseases Hospital, for the period August-October 2020, was carried out. The experimental (main) group consisted of 40 patients with COVID-19 of moderate severity, who, in addition to standard therapy in accordance with the Clinical Protocol for Diagnosis and Treatment "COVID-19 Coronavirus infection (10th edition with changes from 15.07.2020), were prescribed oral favipiravir at a dose of 1600 mg/12 h on day 1, then 600 mg/12 h on the following days, for a total of 7 days. The comparison group (control group) consisted of 40 patients with moderate CVI who did not receive favipiravir. Descriptive statistics were performed with the calculation of the mean (M) and standard deviation (SD) for quantitative variables;percentages were calculated for qualitative variables. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel and IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results and discussion. The present study showed that the early initiation of antiviral therapy with Favipiravir, compared with standard therapy without an antiviral drug, in patients with a moderate form of COVID-19 is associated with a statistically significant clinical improvement and a large percentage of virus elimination from the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract according to molecular genetic research. In the group of patients receiving favipiravir, complete remission of the disease with normalization of the main clinical parameters and the absence of complaints for 7 days of hospitalization was significantly more often than in the comparison group. Conclusions. The results obtained showed that Favipiravir is an effective antiviral drug in the complex treatment of COVID-19 coronavirus infection of moderate severity. Early administration of the drug in patients with a moderate form of the disease can prevent the progression of the disease to a more severe condition and the development of complications that require additional medical interventions.
ABSTRACT
Introduction. Hypertension, as a medical problem, is one of the most common disorders in cardiovascular disease. High blood pressure has been identified as one of the most familiar risk factors for the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. We planned to explore the possible interactions between antihypertensive agents and drugs targeting SARS-CoV-2 with broad investigations in the mechanism of action and adverse effects of these medications. Methods. The electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Google scholar) were searched by two of the coauthors to collect the papers relevant to the subject. The keywords searched were angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin-II receptor blockers (ARBs), sympatholytic drugs (alpha-1 blockers, beta blockers), vasodilators (calcium channel blockers, nitrates, hydralazine), diuretics, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir/ritonavir, remdesivir, favipiravir, interferons, azithromycin, anti-cytokine agents, glucocorticoids, anticoagulant agents, nitric oxide and epoprostenol. Results. QT prolongation, hypokalemia, arrhythmia and increase the serum level of drugs are the most risky adverse effects of medications in patients with COVID-19 on anti-hypertensive drugs. Conclusion. Interaction of the drugs used for COVID-19 patients with anti-hypertensive drugs is an important issue that this review addresses.